It is customary to qualify diabetes mellitus as an endocrinological pathology with a severe clinical picture. In this case, the initial stages of the disease are often asymptomatic or are characterized by a polymorphism of manifestations. However, there are some signs of pathology that you can find out from the material below.
Signs of diabetes in women
Throughout life, the body of the weaker sex undergoes many hormonal changes. These changes often lead to the development of type 2 diabetes. It should also be borne in mind that women are more prone to psychological problems of "jamming" with a large amount of junk food. This behavior also negatively affects the course of metabolic processes.
As for type 1 diabetes, it develops in young girls under the age of 25 and does not depend on hormonal status. At the same time, women during pregnancy are at risk, which are often diagnosed with symptoms of the gestational form of the disease, which is transient. Common symptoms of diabetes in women include:
- slow healing of wounds;
- drowsiness;
- hair loss;
- itching of the most different localization;
- constant thirst;
- weight loss without diets;
- Increased appetite;
- frequent profuse urination.
Symptoms of Diabetes in Men
The stronger sex, for the most part, prefers to ignore the body's alarm signals about trouble. Against the background of abdominal obesity in men, there is often a relative insufficiency of the production of the glucose transporter hormone. Unlike epinephrine, insulin is not able to effectively break down accumulated deposits. Due to the active activity of the stress hormone, a large amount of fatty acids rush to the liver, preventing normal tissue nutrition due to glucose. In general, the symptoms of diabetes in men are identical to those of women.
How does diabetes manifest itself in children?
High blood sugar in a child may be due to obesity or a genetic predisposition. Nevertheless, in the scientific community there are often discussions regarding the infectious nature of this phenomenon. These opinions can be supplemented by the statements of some experts who consider diabetes mellitus (especially juvenile) as a post-vaccination complication. Therefore, adults should react appropriately if a child develops the following symptoms after vaccination:
- constant thirst;
- wet the bed;
- To vomit;
- weight loss against the background of increased appetite;
- private skin infections;
- decrease in motor and mental activity.
First signs
It is not easy to recognize the disease at an early stage of development due to the polymorphism of its signs. Typically, body signals are confused with overwork and fatigue. The clinical picture in the secondary form of the pathology may be completely absent until the patient falls into a hyperglycemic coma or suffers a heart attack or stroke. The disease of the first type, for the most part, is initially manifested by severe conditions in the form of characteristic acute attacks. However, it is important to note that early symptoms of diabetes can include:
- The patient cannot lift his big toe off the ground.
- When the palms touch, only the fingertips are in the direct contact zone.
- There is nocturnal enuresis (if it is a child).
- There are dental problems.
- There is a sharp deterioration in vision.
Symptoms of latent diabetes
In most cases, the disease develops unnoticed by a person. The manifestation of a hidden process occurs against the background of stress, infectious and autoimmune damage to the body. At the same time, latent diabetes mellitus is considered more dangerous than manifest diabetes. Experts note that with a latent form of the disease, the negative consequences of pancreatic dysfunction are often diagnosed, among which the so-called diabetic foot syndrome occupies a special place. In this regard, the main symptoms of latent diabetes should be named:
- feeling of dryness in the mouth;
- headache;
- detection of acetone in the analysis of urine;
- increased fatigue.
How to distinguish the type of diabetes
It is known that high blood sugar levels occur as a result of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Highlighting any symptoms of diabetes in men, women or children, it is important to mention that each form of pathology differs in the degree of damage to special cells (islets of Langerhans) located in the body of the pancreas and synthesizing theessential insulin for the body. With the complete defeat of these formations, the production of biologically active substances necessary for the transport of glucose becomes impossible.
The second type of diabetic disease is characterized by the preservation of the functional activity of the islets of Langerhans, but the insulin produced in this case is not able to deliver glucose to tissues and organs due to the high concentration offatty acids in the human body. . Patients with this type of pathology with an active lifestyle and a special diet often do without parenteral administration of the hormone.
Type 1 symptoms
As noted earlier, the development of an absolute insufficiency of insulin production begins with an acute reaction of the body to an increase in blood sugar. It also happens that a person is aware that he has a high risk of developing such problems. In this situation, the patient undergoes preventive examinations in order to quickly detect the disease. With this approach, the process rarely escalates. Meanwhile, in people with type 1 diabetes, hypoglycemia often occurs due to incorrect insulin dosage. In addition, in the primary form of pathology, we note:
- strong thirst;
- the smell of acetone from the mouth;
- eating a large amount of a wide variety of foods;
- polyuria;
- slow healing of the wound surface;
- diabetic ketoacidosis;
- skin problems in the form of frequent fungal infections and boils.
How does type 2 manifest?
The relative insufficiency of insulin production has a smoother clinical picture. The patient's sugar level may remain within the normal range for a long time. Typically, test results worsen when diabetes becomes acute. So far, patients do not attach importance to a sharp loss of weight and a decrease in physical activity. In addition to the above signs, in type 2 diabetes, the following changes in the functioning of the body can be observed:
- rapid fatigue;
- drowsiness;
- osteoporosis;
- tired appearance;
- renal pathology, often leading to diabetic nephropathy;
- non-healing wounds on the skin;
- itching;
- sudden hair loss;
- disorientation;
- tingling and numbness in the extremities.